Hais Txog Cov Hlau Stainless
Lub cev tsis xeb hlau, ib qho ntawm tsev neeg ntawm cov tub ntxhais cov hlau feem ntau muaj cov haujlwm 10 rau 30 feem ntau chromium. Tau nrog cov pa roj carbon ntsiab lus tsawg, chromium imparts zoo kawg rau kev txhim kho corrosion thiab tshav kub. Lwm cov ntsiab lus, xws li npib tsib xee, molybdenum, titanium, txhuas, niobium, tooj liab, nitrogen, leej faj, phosphorus, lossis selenium, tuaj yeem ntxiv qhov kev txhim kho corrosion rau cov ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb, txhim kho oxidation tsis kam, thiab muab cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb.
Muaj ntau tshaj 100 qib ntawm cov hlaus tsis xeb hlau. Feem ntau tau muab faib ua tsib pawg loj hauv tsev neeg ntawm cov hlau khov: austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, duplex, thiab nag lossis daus-tawv tawv. Austenitic steels, uas muaj cov 16 rau 26 feem pua ntawm chromium thiab mus txog 35 feem pua ntawm cov roj nickel, feem ntau muaj qhov ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws. Lawv tsis ua kom tawv los ntawm kev kho cua sov thiab tsis yog hlau. Cov kev siv ntau hom yog ntawm 18 / 8, lossis 304, qib, uas muaj 18 feem pua ntawm chromium thiab 8 feem pua npib tsib xee. Cov kev siv raug suav nrog cov dav hlau thiab cov tshuab ua mis nyuj thiab chaw ua zaub mov noj. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob txheem muaj 10. 5 rau 27 feem pua ntawm cov chromium thiab tsis muaj npib tsib xee; vim tias lawv cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg (tsawg dua 0. 2 feem pua), lawv tsis muaj qhov nyuaj los ntawm kev kho cua sov thiab muaj cov kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tshua zoo, xws li cov kws kes duab vajtse thiab kev pib txiav. Martensitic steels feem ntau muaj 11. 5 rau 18 feem pua ntawm chromium thiab mus txog 1. 2 feem pua cov pa roj carbon hlau nrog nickel qee zaum ntxiv. Lawv muaj zog los ntawm kev kho cua sov, muaj kev txhim kho corrosion tsawg heev, thiab ua haujlwm hauv cutlery, phais twj paj nruag, ciaj ntswj, thiab lub tshuab raj. Duplex stainless steels yog kev sib txuas ntawm austenitic thiab ferritic stainless steels nyob rau hauv vaj huam sib luag; lawv muaj 21 rau 27 feem pua chromium, 1 .3 5 rau 8 feem pua npib tsib xee, 0.0 5 rau 3 feem pua tooj liab, thiab 0.0 5 rau 5 feem pua molybdenum. Duplex stainless steels muaj zog dua thiab tiv taus xeb ntau dua li austenitic thiab ferritic stainless steels, uas ua rau lawv pab tau rau hauv kev lag luam-tank siv, kev ua tshuaj lom neeg, thiab ntim rau thauj tshuaj. Tsau-ua kom tawv tawv hlau tawv yog yam ntxwv ntawm nws lub zog, uas los ntawm qhov sib ntxiv ntawm txhuas, tooj, thiab niobium rau cov hlau hauv cov nqi tsawg dua 0. 5 feem pua ntawm cov alloy qhov loj tag nrho. Nws yog qhov sib piv rau austenitic stainless hlau nrog kev hwm txog nws txoj kev xeb, thiab nws muaj 1 5 rau 1 7.. 5 feem pua ntawm chromium, 3 rau { {12}} npib tsib xee, thiab 3 rau 5 feem pua tooj liab. Nag lossis ceev-tawv cov hlau tsis huv yog siv hauv kev tsim ntawm ntev ntev.
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